Fight against Malaria in Africa: Chad Deploys the R21 Vaccine
The fight against malaria is progressing on the African continent, with new vaccination campaigns underway. Chad recently became the 14th African country to integrate the R21 vaccine into its prevention strategy against this endemic disease. The country thus joins other African nations in the sustained efforts to reduce the incidence of malaria.
Chad: A Large Vaccination Campaign against Malaria
On October 25, 2024, Chad launched a large-scale vaccination campaign in 28 districts, targeting children aged 6 to 15 months. Nearly 170,000 children will benefit from the R21 vaccine, an initiative praised by the World Health Organization (WHO) for its reach in regions heavily affected by malaria. The campaign also includes vaccines against other infections such as pneumococcal disease and rotavirus diarrhea.
Nigeria Receives 850,000 Doses of R21 Vaccine
Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country, has also received 850,000 doses of the R21 vaccine, thanks to support from the Vaccine Alliance (Gavi). These doses will be distributed mainly in Kebbi and Bayelsa states, areas at high risk of seasonal transmission. Despite the limited quantity compared to the estimated needs, the government has put in place a strategy that combines the vaccine with complementary prevention measures, such as insecticide-treated mosquito nets and seasonal treatments.
Other Vaccination Initiatives in Africa: Measles, Rubella and Polio
Africa continues to strengthen its vaccination efforts in other areas. Côte d’Ivoire recently conducted a measles and rubella campaign, reaching more than 6.8 million children nationwide. In addition, a cross-border polio campaign was launched in October between Kenya and Uganda, vaccinating more than 6.5 million children in at-risk areas.
Persistent Malaria Outbreak in Ethiopia
Despite these advances, some countries face persistent epidemics. In Ethiopia, for example, the Amhara region reported more than 50,000 malaria cases in one week. The rapid spread is attributed to climatic conditions favorable to mosquitoes and local conflicts, hampering prevention efforts. An environmental control campaign is planned to strengthen malaria control in this region.
Conclusion: Notable Progress but Persistent Challenges
The fight against infectious diseases in Africa, including malaria, is making significant progress with the increasing adoption of the R21 vaccine. However, challenges remain, particularly in regions affected by conditions conducive to the spread of diseases and conflicts that hamper public health efforts. International collaboration and the commitment of local authorities remain essential to strengthen public health on the continent.
